feat(backend): add snowflake IDs

backend/common/generator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"math/rand"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Generator is a snowflake generator.
+// For compatibility with other snowflake implementations, both worker and PID are set,
+// but they are randomized for every generator.
+type IDGenerator struct {
+	inc         *uint64
+	worker, pid uint64
+}
+
+var defaultGenerator = NewIDGenerator(0, 0)
+
+// NewIDGenerator creates a new ID generator with the given worker and pid.
+// If worker or pid is empty, it will be set to a random number.
+func NewIDGenerator(worker, pid uint64) *IDGenerator {
+	if worker == 0 {
+		worker = rand.Uint64()
+	}
+	if pid == 0 {
+		pid = rand.Uint64()
+	}
+
+	g := &IDGenerator{
+		inc:    new(uint64),
+		worker: worker % 32,
+		pid:    pid % 32,
+	}
+
+	return g
+}
+
+// GenerateID generates a new snowflake with the default generator.
+// If you need to customize the worker and PID, manually call (*Generator).Generate.
+func GenerateID() Snowflake {
+	return defaultGenerator.Generate()
+}
+
+// GenerateID generates a new snowflake with the given time with the default generator.
+// If you need to customize the worker and PID, manually call (*Generator).GenerateWithTime.
+func GenerateIDWithTime(t time.Time) Snowflake {
+	return defaultGenerator.GenerateWithTime(t)
+}
+
+// Generate generates a snowflake with the current time.
+func (g *IDGenerator) Generate() Snowflake {
+	return g.GenerateWithTime(time.Now())
+}
+
+// GenerateWithTime generates a snowflake with the given time.
+// To generate a snowflake for comparison, use the top-level New function instead.
+func (g *IDGenerator) GenerateWithTime(t time.Time) Snowflake {
+	increment := atomic.AddUint64(g.inc, 1)
+	ts := uint64(t.UnixMilli() - Epoch)
+
+	worker := g.worker << 17
+	pid := g.pid << 12
+
+	return Snowflake(ts<<22 | worker | pid | (increment % 4096))
+}

backend/common/snowflake.go

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Epoch is the pronouns.cc epoch (January 1st 2022 at 00:00:00 UTC) in milliseconds.
+const Epoch = 1_640_995_200_000
+const epochDuration = Epoch * time.Millisecond
+
+const NullSnowflake = ^Snowflake(0)
+
+// Snowflake is a 64-bit integer used as a unique ID, with an embedded timestamp.
+type Snowflake uint64
+
+// ID is an alias to Snowflake.
+type ID = Snowflake
+
+// ParseSnowflake parses a snowflake from a string.
+func ParseSnowflake(sf string) (Snowflake, error) {
+	if sf == "null" {
+		return NullSnowflake, nil
+	}
+
+	i, err := strconv.ParseUint(sf, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	return Snowflake(i), nil
+}
+
+// NewSnowflake creates a new snowflake from the given time.
+func NewSnowflake(t time.Time) Snowflake {
+	ts := time.Duration(t.UnixNano()) - epochDuration
+
+	return Snowflake((ts / time.Millisecond) << 22)
+}
+
+// String returns the snowflake as a string.
+func (s Snowflake) String() string { return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(s), 10) }
+
+// Time returns the creation time of the snowflake.
+func (s Snowflake) Time() time.Time {
+	ts := time.Duration(s>>22)*time.Millisecond + epochDuration
+	return time.Unix(0, int64(ts))
+}
+
+func (s Snowflake) IsValid() bool {
+	return s != 0 && s != NullSnowflake
+}
+
+func (s Snowflake) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	if !s.IsValid() {
+		return []byte("null"), nil
+	}
+
+	return []byte(`"` + strconv.FormatUint(uint64(s), 10) + `"`), nil
+}
+
+func (s *Snowflake) UnmarshalJSON(src []byte) error {
+	sf, err := ParseSnowflake(strings.Trim(string(src), `"`))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	*s = sf
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s Snowflake) Worker() uint8 {
+	return uint8(s & 0x3E0000 >> 17)
+}
+
+func (s Snowflake) PID() uint8 {
+	return uint8(s & 0x1F000 >> 12)
+}
+
+func (s Snowflake) Increment() uint16 {
+	return uint16(s & 0xFFF)
+}

backend/common/snowflake_types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package common
+
+import "time"
+
+type UserID Snowflake
+
+func (id UserID) String() string    { return Snowflake(id).String() }
+func (id UserID) Time() time.Time   { return Snowflake(id).Time() }
+func (id UserID) IsValid() bool     { return Snowflake(id).IsValid() }
+func (id UserID) Worker() uint8     { return Snowflake(id).Worker() }
+func (id UserID) PID() uint8        { return Snowflake(id).PID() }
+func (id UserID) Increment() uint16 { return Snowflake(id).Increment() }
+
+func (id UserID) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)    { return Snowflake(id).MarshalJSON() }
+func (id *UserID) UnmarshalJSON(src []byte) error { return (*Snowflake)(id).UnmarshalJSON(src) }
+
+type MemberID Snowflake
+
+func (id MemberID) String() string    { return Snowflake(id).String() }
+func (id MemberID) Time() time.Time   { return Snowflake(id).Time() }
+func (id MemberID) IsValid() bool     { return Snowflake(id).IsValid() }
+func (id MemberID) Worker() uint8     { return Snowflake(id).Worker() }
+func (id MemberID) PID() uint8        { return Snowflake(id).PID() }
+func (id MemberID) Increment() uint16 { return Snowflake(id).Increment() }
+
+func (id MemberID) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)    { return Snowflake(id).MarshalJSON() }
+func (id *MemberID) UnmarshalJSON(src []byte) error { return (*Snowflake)(id).UnmarshalJSON(src) }
+
+type FlagID Snowflake
+
+func (id FlagID) String() string    { return Snowflake(id).String() }
+func (id FlagID) Time() time.Time   { return Snowflake(id).Time() }
+func (id FlagID) IsValid() bool     { return Snowflake(id).IsValid() }
+func (id FlagID) Worker() uint8     { return Snowflake(id).Worker() }
+func (id FlagID) PID() uint8        { return Snowflake(id).PID() }
+func (id FlagID) Increment() uint16 { return Snowflake(id).Increment() }
+
+func (id FlagID) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)    { return Snowflake(id).MarshalJSON() }
+func (id *FlagID) UnmarshalJSON(src []byte) error { return (*Snowflake)(id).UnmarshalJSON(src) }

backend/db/flags.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"strings"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/log"
 	"emperror.dev/errors"
 	"github.com/davidbyttow/govips/v2/vips"
@@ -20,11 +21,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 type PrideFlag struct {
-	ID          xid.ID  `json:"id"`
+	ID          xid.ID        `json:"id"`
-	UserID      xid.ID  `json:"-"`
+	SnowflakeID common.FlagID `json:"id_new"`
-	Hash        string  `json:"hash"`
+	UserID      xid.ID        `json:"-"`
-	Name        string  `json:"name"`
+	Hash        string        `json:"hash"`
-	Description *string `json:"description"`
+	Name        string        `json:"name"`
+	Description *string       `json:"description"`
 }
 
 type UserFlag struct {
@@ -194,11 +196,12 @@ func (db *DB) CreateFlag(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx, userID xid.ID, name, de
 
 	sql, args, err := sq.Insert("pride_flags").
 		SetMap(map[string]any{
-			"id":          xid.New(),
+			"id":           xid.New(),
-			"hash":        "",
+			"snowflake_id": common.GenerateID(),
-			"user_id":     userID.String(),
+			"hash":         "",
-			"name":        name,
+			"user_id":      userID.String(),
-			"description": description,
+			"name":         name,
+			"description":  description,
 		}).Suffix("RETURNING *").ToSql()
 	if err != nil {
 		return f, errors.Wrap(err, "building query")

backend/db/member.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"emperror.dev/errors"
 	"github.com/Masterminds/squirrel"
 	"github.com/georgysavva/scany/v2/pgxscan"
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ const (
 type Member struct {
 	ID          xid.ID
 	UserID      xid.ID
+	SnowflakeID common.MemberID
 	SID         string `db:"sid"`
 	Name        string
 	DisplayName *string
@@ -135,8 +137,8 @@ func (db *DB) CreateMember(
 	name string, displayName *string, bio string, links []string,
 ) (m Member, err error) {
 	sql, args, err := sq.Insert("members").
-		Columns("user_id", "id", "sid", "name", "display_name", "bio", "links").
+		Columns("user_id", "snowflake_id", "id", "sid", "name", "display_name", "bio", "links").
-		Values(userID, xid.New(), squirrel.Expr("find_free_member_sid()"), name, displayName, bio, links).
+		Values(userID, common.GenerateID(), xid.New(), squirrel.Expr("find_free_member_sid()"), name, displayName, bio, links).
 		Suffix("RETURNING *").ToSql()
 	if err != nil {
 		return m, errors.Wrap(err, "building sql")

backend/db/user.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 
 type User struct {
 	ID          xid.ID
+	SnowflakeID common.UserID
 	SID         string `db:"sid"`
 	Username    string
 	DisplayName *string
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ func (db *DB) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, tx pgx.Tx, username string) (u Use
 		return u, err
 	}
 
-	sql, args, err := sq.Insert("users").Columns("id", "username", "sid").Values(xid.New(), username, squirrel.Expr("find_free_user_sid()")).Suffix("RETURNING *").ToSql()
+	sql, args, err := sq.Insert("users").Columns("id", "snowflake_id", "username", "sid").Values(xid.New(), common.GenerateID(), username, squirrel.Expr("find_free_user_sid()")).Suffix("RETURNING *").ToSql()
 	if err != nil {
 		return u, errors.Wrap(err, "building sql")
 	}

backend/routes/v1/auth/routes.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/db"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/log"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/server"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ type Server struct {
 
 type userResponse struct {
 	ID          xid.ID            `json:"id"`
+	SnowflakeID common.UserID     `json:"id_new"`
 	Username    string            `json:"name"`
 	DisplayName *string           `json:"display_name"`
 	Bio         *string           `json:"bio"`
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ type userResponse struct {
 func dbUserToUserResponse(u db.User, fields []db.Field) *userResponse {
 	return &userResponse{
 		ID:                u.ID,
+		SnowflakeID:       u.SnowflakeID,
 		Username:          u.Username,
 		DisplayName:       u.DisplayName,
 		Bio:               u.Bio,

backend/routes/v1/member/get_member.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/db"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/server"
 	"emperror.dev/errors"
@@ -13,13 +14,14 @@ import (
 )
 
 type GetMemberResponse struct {
-	ID          xid.ID   `json:"id"`
+	ID          xid.ID          `json:"id"`
-	SID         string   `json:"sid"`
+	SnowflakeID common.MemberID `json:"id_new"`
-	Name        string   `json:"name"`
+	SID         string          `json:"sid"`
-	DisplayName *string  `json:"display_name"`
+	Name        string          `json:"name"`
-	Bio         *string  `json:"bio"`
+	DisplayName *string         `json:"display_name"`
-	Avatar      *string  `json:"avatar"`
+	Bio         *string         `json:"bio"`
-	Links       []string `json:"links"`
+	Avatar      *string         `json:"avatar"`
+	Links       []string        `json:"links"`
 
 	Names    []db.FieldEntry   `json:"names"`
 	Pronouns []db.PronounEntry `json:"pronouns"`
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ type GetMemberResponse struct {
 func dbMemberToMember(u db.User, m db.Member, fields []db.Field, flags []db.MemberFlag, isOwnMember bool) GetMemberResponse {
 	r := GetMemberResponse{
 		ID:          m.ID,
+		SnowflakeID: m.SnowflakeID,
 		SID:         m.SID,
 		Name:        m.Name,
 		DisplayName: m.DisplayName,
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ func dbMemberToMember(u db.User, m db.Member, fields []db.Field, flags []db.Memb
 
 		User: PartialUser{
 			ID:                u.ID,
+			SnowflakeID:       u.SnowflakeID,
 			Username:          u.Username,
 			DisplayName:       u.DisplayName,
 			Avatar:            u.Avatar,
@@ -64,6 +68,7 @@ func dbMemberToMember(u db.User, m db.Member, fields []db.Field, flags []db.Memb
 
 type PartialUser struct {
 	ID                xid.ID               `json:"id"`
+	SnowflakeID       common.UserID        `json:"id_new"`
 	Username          string               `json:"name"`
 	DisplayName       *string              `json:"display_name"`
 	Avatar            *string              `json:"avatar"`

backend/routes/v1/member/get_members.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package member
 import (
 	"net/http"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/db"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/server"
 	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 type memberListResponse struct {
 	ID          xid.ID            `json:"id"`
+	SnowflakeID common.MemberID   `json:"id_new"`
 	SID         string            `json:"sid"`
 	Name        string            `json:"name"`
 	DisplayName *string           `json:"display_name"`
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ func membersToMemberList(ms []db.Member, isSelf bool) []memberListResponse {
 	for i := range ms {
 		resps[i] = memberListResponse{
 			ID:          ms[i].ID,
+			SnowflakeID: ms[i].SnowflakeID,
 			SID:         ms[i].SID,
 			Name:        ms[i].Name,
 			DisplayName: ms[i].DisplayName,

backend/routes/v1/user/get_user.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/db"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/log"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/server"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 type GetUserResponse struct {
 	ID                xid.ID               `json:"id"`
+	SnowflakeID       common.UserID        `json:"id_new"`
 	SID               string               `json:"sid"`
 	Username          string               `json:"name"`
 	DisplayName       *string              `json:"display_name"`
@@ -58,6 +60,7 @@ type GetMeResponse struct {
 
 type PartialMember struct {
 	ID          xid.ID            `json:"id"`
+	SnowflakeID common.MemberID   `json:"id_new"`
 	SID         string            `json:"sid"`
 	Name        string            `json:"name"`
 	DisplayName *string           `json:"display_name"`
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ type PartialMember struct {
 func dbUserToResponse(u db.User, fields []db.Field, members []db.Member, flags []db.UserFlag) GetUserResponse {
 	resp := GetUserResponse{
 		ID:                u.ID,
+		SnowflakeID:       u.SnowflakeID,
 		SID:               u.SID,
 		Username:          u.Username,
 		DisplayName:       u.DisplayName,
@@ -97,6 +101,7 @@ func dbUserToResponse(u db.User, fields []db.Field, members []db.Member, flags [
 	for i := range members {
 		resp.Members[i] = PartialMember{
 			ID:          members[i].ID,
+			SnowflakeID: members[i].SnowflakeID,
 			SID:         members[i].SID,
 			Name:        members[i].Name,
 			DisplayName: members[i].DisplayName,

main.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/scripts/genkey"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/scripts/migrate"
 	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/scripts/seeddb"
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/scripts/snowflakes"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ var app = &cli.App{
 				migrate.Command,
 				seeddb.Command,
 				cleandb.Command,
+				snowflakes.Command,
 			},
 		},
 		{

scripts/migrate/021_snowflakes.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+-- 2023-08-17: Add snowflake ID columns
+
+-- +migrate Up
+
+alter table users add column snowflake_id bigint unique;
+alter table members add column snowflake_id bigint unique;
+alter table pride_flags add column snowflake_id bigint unique;
+
+-- +migrate Down
+
+alter table users drop column snowflake_id;
+alter table members drop column snowflake_id;
+alter table pride_flags drop column snowflake_id;

scripts/snowflakes/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package snowflakes
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/common"
+	"codeberg.org/pronounscc/pronouns.cc/backend/log"
+	"github.com/georgysavva/scany/v2/pgxscan"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5"
+	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
+	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var Command = &cli.Command{
+	Name:   "create-snowflakes",
+	Usage:  "Give all users, members, and flags snowflake IDs.",
+	Action: run,
+}
+
+func run(c *cli.Context) error {
+	err := godotenv.Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("loading .env file:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	conn, err := pgx.Connect(c.Context, os.Getenv("DATABASE_URL"))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("opening database:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close(c.Context)
+	log.Info("opened database")
+
+	tx, err := conn.Begin(c.Context)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("creating transaction:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback(c.Context)
+
+	var userIDs []xid.ID
+	err = pgxscan.Select(c.Context, conn, &userIDs, "SELECT id FROM users WHERE snowflake_id IS NULL")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("selecting users without snowflake:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	t := time.Now()
+	for _, userID := range userIDs {
+		t := userID.Time()
+		snowflake := common.UserID(common.GenerateIDWithTime(t))
+
+		_, err = tx.Exec(c.Context, "UPDATE users SET snowflake_id = $1 WHERE id = $2", snowflake, userID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("updating user with ID %v: %v", userID, err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	log.Infof("updated %v users in %v", len(userIDs), time.Since(t))
+
+	var memberIDs []xid.ID
+	err = pgxscan.Select(c.Context, conn, &memberIDs, "SELECT id FROM members WHERE snowflake_id IS NULL")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("selecting users without snowflake:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	t = time.Now()
+	for _, memberID := range memberIDs {
+		t := memberID.Time()
+		snowflake := common.MemberID(common.GenerateIDWithTime(t))
+
+		_, err = tx.Exec(c.Context, "UPDATE members SET snowflake_id = $1 WHERE id = $2", snowflake, memberID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("updating user with ID %v: %v", memberID, err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	log.Infof("updated %v members in %v", len(memberIDs), time.Since(t))
+
+	var flagIDs []xid.ID
+	err = pgxscan.Select(c.Context, conn, &flagIDs, "SELECT id FROM pride_flags WHERE snowflake_id IS NULL")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("selecting users without snowflake:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	t = time.Now()
+	for _, flagID := range flagIDs {
+		t := flagID.Time()
+		snowflake := common.FlagID(common.GenerateIDWithTime(t))
+
+		_, err = tx.Exec(c.Context, "UPDATE pride_flags SET snowflake_id = $1 WHERE id = $2", snowflake, flagID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("updating user with ID %v: %v", flagID, err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	log.Infof("updated %v flags in %v", len(flagIDs), time.Since(t))
+
+	err = tx.Commit(c.Context)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("committing transaction:", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}